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Symmetric Cryptography and Hashing in the Quantum Era

The post-quantum conversation over-focuses on public-key. The symmetric and hash world also shifts under quantum attack, but far less dramatically, and the exact size of the shift is a clean, quantifiable result. This series works through Grover against block ciphers, quantum search against hash functions, the AES-256 and SHA-384 safe floor, key commitment, and the symmetric primitives quietly holding up the PQC standards themselves. Grounded in Grover, Brassard-Hoyer-Tapp, and the NIST FIPS standards.